RURAL DEVELOPMENT

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 WHAT IS RURAL DEVELOPMENT?

people engaged in farm and non-farm activities in rural areas have to be provided with various means that help them increase the productivity

xamples of rural development initiatives:

  • Providing access to clean water and sanitation
  • Building roads and bridges
  • Electrifying villages
  • Constructing schools and hospitals
  • Promoting sustainable agriculture practices
  • Supporting non-farm enterprises
  • Providing vocational training

  • Promoting tourism They also need to be given opportunities to diversify into various non-farm productives food processing. Enabling them better and more affordable access to healthcare, sanitation facilities at workplaces and homes and education for all would also need to be given top priority for rapid rural development.
  • | Scheme | Objective | |---|---|---| | Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) Phase III | To provide connectivity to unconnected habitations, upgradation of existing gravel roads, construction of bridges and culverts, and improvement of roads connecting important rural economic and marketing centers.| | Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Gramin (PMAY-G) | To provide affordable housing to all eligible rural households by 2024.| | National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) | To empower women through self-help groups and sustainable livelihoods.| | Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) | To provide access to banking services to all households.| | Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) | To achieve universal sanitation coverage in rural areas by 2019.| | Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana - National Rural Livelihood Mission (DAY-NRLM) | To provide livelihood opportunities to rural poor, especially women.| | Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) | To provide free LPG connections to poor households.| | Pradhan Mantri Saubhagya Yojana (PMSY) | To provide electricity connections to all households.| | Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana - Ayushman Bharat (PMJAY-AB) | To provide affordable healthcare to poor and vulnerable households.| | Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) | To provide income support to small and marginal farmers.| | Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) | To provide crop insurance to farmers against losses due to natural calamities.| | Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY) | To provide financial assistance to poor and vulnerable households during the COVID-19 pandemic.|

  • CREDIT AND MARKETING IN RURAL AREAS



Organic farming is a system of agriculture that avoids the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Instead, it relies on natural processes, such as crop rotation, composting, and biological pest control, to maintain soil health and fertility.

Organic farming promotes sustainable development by:

  • Protecting the environment: Organic farming reduces pollution of soil, water, and air by avoiding the use of synthetic chemicals.
  • Conserving natural resources: Organic farming conserves water and other natural resources by using sustainable practices such as crop rotation and cover cropping.
  • Promoting biodiversity: Organic farming promotes biodiversity by creating habitats for beneficial insects and other organisms.
  • Supporting rural communities: Organic farming supports rural communities by providing jobs and markets for organic products.

Benefits of organic farming:

  • Healthier food: Organic food is often considered to be healthier than conventional food because it is free of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers.
  • Improved soil health: Organic farming practices help to improve soil health, which can lead to increased crop yields and resistance to pests and diseases.
  • Reduced environmental impact: Organic farming has a reduced environmental impact than conventional farming because it does not use synthetic chemicals.
  • Support for rural communities: Organic farming supports rural communities by providing jobs and markets for organic products.

Limitations of organic farming:

  • Lower yields: Organic farms typically produce lower yields than conventional farms. This is because organic farmers do not use synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
  • Higher costs: Organic food is often more expensive than conventional food. This is because organic farming practices are more labor-intensive and require more land.
  • Limited availability: Organic food is not always available in all stores and restaurants.

Problems faced by farmers during the initial years of organic farming:

  • Transition period: Converting from conventional farming to organic farming takes time and effort. During the transition period, farmers may experience lower yields and higher costs.
  • Pests and diseases: Organic farmers are more susceptible to pests and diseases than conventional farmers because they do not use synthetic pesticides.
  • Market access: Organic farmers may have difficulty finding markets for their products, especially in the early years.

Despite the challenges, organic farming is a growing movement. More and more consumers are choosing to buy organic food because they are concerned about the health of their families and the environment. Organic farming is a sustainable way to produce food that can help to protect the environment and support rural communities.

How to support organic farmers:

  • Buy organic food when possible.
  • Support local organic farms.
  • Learn more about organic farming and its benefits.
  • Talk to your friends and family about the importance of organic farming.

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