BA 2nd , Sem. III, Course I (Theory) Program/Class: Diploma /BA Year: Second Semester: Third Subject: Education Course Code: E010301T Course Title: Philosophical Sociological Political-Economic Perspectives of Education

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                                                              Education and Philosophy

  • Meaning and Concept of Philosophy and 'Darshan': Philosophy is the systematic study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, ethics, and reality. In India, it's often referred to as 'Darshan.' The difference lies in Darshan's broader spiritual and metaphysical focus compared to the more comprehensive scope of Western philosophy. Both philosophy and Darshan profoundly influence educational thought.

  • Branches of Philosophy and Education: Philosophy branches into metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and aesthetics, with each branch impacting educational theories and practices differently.


Introduction to Ancient Indian Philosophies

  • Vedanta: Vedanta is a school of Indian philosophy emphasizing the pursuit of self-realization and understanding the ultimate reality (Brahman). It greatly influences Indian educational thought, emphasizing moral and spiritual development.

  • Bhagavad Gita: A 700-verse Hindu scripture, the Gita explores the concepts of duty, righteousness, and the path to self-realization, providing philosophical guidance for life and education.

Introduction to Western Philosophies

  • Idealism: Idealism, exemplified by philosophers like Plato, emphasizes the role of ideas and mind in understanding reality. It's relevant to education, stressing the importance of knowledge and intellectual development.

  • Naturalism: Naturalism, as seen in the works of Rousseau, focuses on the inherent goodness of humans and advocates for a more child-centered, experiential approach to education.

  • Pragmatism: Pragmatism, associated with Dewey, emphasizes learning through experience and problem-solving, aligning with modern educational practices.

Prominent Educational Thinkers

  • Mahatma Gandhi, Swami Vivekananda, B.R. Ambedkar, Rousseau, Dewey: These thinkers have significantly contributed to educational philosophy, advocating for values like non-violence, self-realization, social justice, and experiential learning.

Introduction to Indian Society

  • Pluralism and Diversity: Indian society is characterized by its rich diversity, encompassing various cultures, languages, and religions, which impacts educational approaches that need to be inclusive.

  • Social Stratification: Caste, class, and gender are critical aspects of Indian society that profoundly influence access to education and social mobility.

School Education and Society

  • School as Social Organization: Schools reflect and shape society's values and norms, making them vital institutions for socialization and change.

  • Social Change and Education: Education plays a pivotal role in driving social change by empowering individuals and communities with knowledge and skills.

  • Social Mobility and Education: Education can serve as a means of social mobility, allowing individuals to transcend their social backgrounds and achieve upward mobility.

Political Perspectives of Education

  • Fundamental Rights and Duties: Understanding fundamental rights and duties is crucial for citizens, and education plays a pivotal role in imparting this knowledge.

  • Directive Principles: These principles guide the state in promoting social and economic justice, which affects educational policies.

Economic Perspectives of Education

  • Education as Development Indicator: Education is a key indicator of a nation's development and progress.

  • Education for Sustainable Development: Education is instrumental in promoting sustainable development by fostering awareness of environmental issues and responsible citizenship.

  • UN Millennium Development Goals vs. Sustainable Development Goals: Understanding these global goals is essential for aligning educational efforts with broader international development agendas.

This comprehensive overview highlights the interconnections between education and various philosophical, societal, political, and economic aspects, emphasizing the importance of a well-rounded understanding of these dynamics for effective educational planning and implementation.

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